鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)鋼板的(de)表面鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)主要采用(yong)的(de)方法(fa)是(shi)熱(re)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)。熱(re)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)是(shi)由較古老的(de)熱(re)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)方法(fa)發(fa)(fa)展而來(lai)(lai)的(de)，自從1836年法(fa)國把熱(re)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)應用(yong)于(yu)工(gong)業(ye)以來(lai)(lai)，已(yi)經有(you)(you)(you)一百七十年的(de)歷史了。然而，熱(re)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)工(gong)業(ye)是(shi)近(jin)三十年來(lai)(lai)伴隨冷軋帶鋼的(de)飛速發(fa)(fa)展而得到了大規模發(fa)(fa)展。鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)溶液(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)化物(wu)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)液(ye)(ye)和無氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)液(ye)(ye)兩類。氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)化物(wu)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)分微(wei)氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、低氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、中(zhong)氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、和高氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)幾類。無氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)液(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)堿性鋅(xin)酸鹽鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)液(ye)(ye)、銨(an)鹽鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)液(ye)(ye)、硫(liu)酸鹽鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)液(ye)(ye)及無氨氯化物(wu)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)液(ye)(ye)等。氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)化鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)溶液(ye)(ye)均鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)能力好，得到的(de)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)層光滑細致，在生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)被長期采用(yong)。但由于(yu)氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)化物(wu)劇毒，對環境(jing)污(wu)染嚴重，近(jin)年來(lai)(lai)已(yi)趨向(xiang)于(yu)采用(yong)低氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、微(wei)氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、無氰(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)溶液(ye)(ye)。

用(yong)(yong)電鍍(du)法制造這種(zhong)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)加工性(xing)。但鍍(du)層較薄(bo)，耐腐蝕性(xing)不如熱浸法鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)；單(dan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)鍍(du)和(he)雙面(mian)(mian)(mian)差鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。單(dan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，即(ji)只在一面(mian)(mian)(mian)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)的(de)產品(pin)。在焊接(jie)、涂(tu)裝(zhuang)、防銹(xiu)處理、加工等(deng)方面(mian)(mian)(mian)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)比雙面(mian)(mian)(mian)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)好(hao)的(de)適應性(xing)。為克服(fu)單(dan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)未涂(tu)鋅(xin)(xin)的(de)缺點，又(you)有(you)(you)一種(zhong)在另面(mian)(mian)(mian)涂(tu)以薄(bo)層鋅(xin)(xin)的(de)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，即(ji)雙面(mian)(mian)(mian)差鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)；合金(jin)、復合鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。它(ta)是用(yong)(yong)鋅(xin)(xin)和(he)其他金(jin)屬如鉛、鋅(xin)(xin)制成(cheng)合金(jin)乃至復合鍍(du)成(cheng)的(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。這種(zhong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)既具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)防銹(xiu)性(xing)能(neng)，又(you)有(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)涂(tu)裝(zhuang)性(xing)能(neng)。 除上述五種(zhong)外(wai)，還有(you)(you)彩(cai)色鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、印花(hua)涂(tu)裝(zhuang)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、聚氯乙烯疊(die)層鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)等(deng)。但目前(qian)常用(yong)(yong)的(de)仍為熱浸鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。 鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)按用(yong)(yong)途又(you)可(ke)分為一般(ban)用(yong)(yong)、屋(wu)頂用(yong)(yong)、建筑(zhu)外(wai)側板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)用(yong)(yong)、結(jie)構用(yong)(yong)、瓦壟板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)用(yong)(yong)、拉伸用(yong)(yong)和(he)深沖用(yong)(yong)等(deng)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。

首先(xian)，在鋼結構(gou)樓層板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)中要達(da)到耐火1.5小時，總(zong)的來說可以(yi)選擇開口(kou)(kou)(kou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、縮(suo)口(kou)(kou)(kou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、閉(bi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)三大(da)類(lei)。規范上混凝土要高于(yu)開口(kou)(kou)(kou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)肋頂之上80mm，并且板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)底需(xu)配置板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)底受(shou)力筋。還有一種就是(shi)再開口(kou)(kou)(kou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)底部刷(shua)防火涂(tu)料，涂(tu)料厚度(du)大(da)于(yu)等于(yu)15,這(zhe)樣的話，只要達(da)到構(gou)造要求高于(yu)肋頂5公(gong)分(fen)就可以(yi)了。而縮(suo)口(kou)(kou)(kou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和閉(bi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，只需(xu)要總(zong)的樓板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)厚度(du)大(da)于(yu)等于(yu)110即可，但(dan)是(shi)縮(suo)口(kou)(kou)(kou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)雖然在防火方面(mian)比開口(kou)(kou)(kou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)要好。但(dan)是(shi)底部還是(shi)需(xu)要加板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)底受(shou)力筋，而閉(bi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)則(ze)不需(xu)要。

熱鍍(du)鋅(xin)生產發展一(yi)直(zhi)處于滯后狀態。20世紀(ji)50年代到(dao)60年代陸(lu)續(xu)建成了13條單張鋼(gang)板熔劑法(fa)熱鍍(du)鋅(xin)機(ji)組，能力為(wei)10萬(wan)t/a，但因產量低、成本高、質(zhi)量差、污染環(huan)境、經濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)差等缺陷已先后停、轉產。從(cong)20世紀(ji)70年代末(mo)，我(wo)國(guo)才開始建造大(da)(da)型寬帶(dai)熱鍍(du)鋅(xin)機(ji)組。熱鍍(du)鋅(xin)帶(dai)鋼(gang)在我(wo)國(guo)市場一(yi)直(zhi)是(shi)緊缺品種。從(cong)20世紀(ji)90年代中期以來，每年都要從(cong)國(guo)外進(jin)口80-100萬(wan)t左右。隨著國(guo)內經濟(ji)的發展，尤其是(shi)汽車、家電及建筑業的發展，對鍍(du)鋅(xin)帶(dai)鋼(gang)的需求量也大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增(zeng)加。

鍍(du)鋅(xin)鋼板按用(yong)(yong)途又(you)可分為(wei)一(yi)般(ban)用(yong)(yong)、屋(wu)頂(ding)用(yong)(yong)、建筑外(wai)側板用(yong)(yong)、結構用(yong)(yong)、瓦壟板用(yong)(yong)、拉伸用(yong)(yong)和深沖用(yong)(yong)等鍍(du)鋅(xin)鋼板。熱鍍(du)鋅(xin)板主要(yao)應用(yong)(yong)于建筑外(wai)用(yong)(yong)，建筑內(nei)用(yong)(yong)，民用(yong)(yong)，門窗，家(jia)具，機械，電(dian)(dian)子及家(jia)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)等領域。也有機箱用(yong)(yong)這個，不過(guo)熱鍍(du)鋅(xin)板不放輻射(she)的(de)。空調，冰箱，微波爐及其類似(si)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)背面的(de)那個板就是熱鍍(du)鋅(xin)板。鍍(du)鋅(xin)層(ceng)通(tong)過(guo)鈍化處(chu)理(li)，可減少潮溫(wen)貯(zhu)運(yun)條(tiao)件(jian)下產(chan)生折銹(xiu)(xiu)蝕(白銹(xiu)(xiu)) 。但這種(zhong)化學處(chu)理(li)的(de)防腐蝕性能是有限的(de)，而且，妨礙大多數涂料的(de)附著(zhu)性。這種(zhong)處(chu)理(li)一(yi)般(ban)不用(yong)(yong)在鋅(xin)鐵合金鍍(du)層(ceng)，除光整(zheng)表(biao)面外(wai)，作(zuo)為(wei)常(chang)規(gui)，生產(chan)廠對其他類型的(de)鍍(du)鋅(xin)層(ceng)均進行鈍化處(chu)理(li)。

熱鍍鋅廠家鍍鋅帶鋼的鋅層特性 電鍍鋅層是不能形成鋅花的，熱鍍鋅層則有鋅花，其形成過程如下：當鍍鋅帶從鋅鍋出來后，經氣刀的噴吹，大量鋅液被吹回鋅鍋，這時帶鋼表面還有純鋅層，呈液 態附在鋼板表面，在鋼板表面形成大量結晶核，隨著鋼板上升冷卻，使結晶核慢慢長成鋅花。萬源酒鋼熱鍍鋅冷(leng)卻(que)速度(du)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)快鋅花越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)小，冷(leng)卻(que)速度(du)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)慢鋅花越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大。熱鍍(du)鋅帶鋼在我國(guo)市場一(yi)直是緊缺品種。從20世紀90年代中期以來，每年都要從國(guo)外進口80-100萬(wan)t左(zuo)右。隨著國(guo)內(nei)經濟的(de)(de)發(fa)展，尤其是汽車、家電(dian)及建筑業的(de)(de)發(fa)展，對鍍(du)鋅帶鋼的(de)(de)需求量也大大增加。